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COURSE INFORMATION

Aim of Course

The aim of this course is to encourage students to ponder the ways in which they themselves are the product of historical developments over the last eighty years. They will be encouraged to interrogate the society around them from an historical perspective, to see the vestiges of the past in the present, to talk to people about their memories, to critique the present as a product of the past. The course will also seek to develop independent research skills, with extensive use of primary sources.

 

Goals and Outcomes

The point of this section is to encourage you to think about the ‘generic skills’ you are acquiring as you do this course. Arts students are often unaware of their ‘attributes’, assuming that the important life skills honed by Arts courses are simply common sense. But the abilities to think independently, challenge and interpret evidence, exercise critical judgment, write clearly and logically, present a coherent argument etc, are not as common in the wider community as they should be, and Arts graduates often find the skills they have acquired are valued more highly by others than by themselves.  We want you to recognise the skills you have, recognise the often tiresome jargon used to describe them and be able to articulate them, to your own advantage, in the future. It might help in applying for jobs; it might also mean that when you come to complete graduate survey questionnaires, which affect university and faculty funding, you will be familiar with your ‘attributes’ and recognize the language used to describe them, and so tick the right boxes when it comes to deciding what you have gained from your degree!

Knowledge Skills:

By the end of this course you will have acquired a thorough understanding of history of Australia between 1919 and 2000 and the implications of this history for our current society. You will be familiar with library, internet and other resources and technologies which will enable you to continue to extend that knowledge. You will be equipped with theoretical concepts and practical knowledge which will enable you to participate in important debates, hotly contested today, about this history. You will have developed or improved your ability to identify, access, organise and communicate knowledge in both written and spoken English, and you will have an improved understanding of how to exercise the skills of historical research and the standards of historical interpretation in your own work, and to assess their effective employment in the scholarship you have encountered.

Thinking Skills:

You will have increased your capacity for critical and independent thinking about the nature of Australia’s historical development, the significance of historical evidence, and the implications of historical debate. Through participation in tutorial discussion, you will learn to develop and express your own ideas, listen and respond to the ideas of others, accept and offer constructive criticism and reach consensus or a more sophisticated understanding through collective wisdom. In your essays you will hone your ability to bring research and reading to bear on historical problems, to justify your findings and show how they support your arguments.

Personal Skills and Attributes:

You will have increased your capacity for lifelong learning, and your ability to organise your time so as to balance the requirements of this course (attending classes, fulfilling reading requirements before tutorials, meeting deadlines, etc) with the demands of other courses and other aspects of your life. You will have built on your capacity to work co-operatively with others, to work through differences of opinion in a constructive way, and to think responsibly about ethical issues raised in the course content or in your personal interactions with fellow students and staff.

Practical Skills:

You will have practised essential skills of locating and accessing information using information technologies where appropriate. You will have improved your skills of organising and presenting the results of your research. You will be familiar with the technical skills associated with the discipline of history.

 

Assessment

(see the Assessment page for further details)

Primary source exercise (200 words)
See the Assessment page for more information.

Due 1 April

5%

Tutorial paper (1000 words)
focussing on the historiographical debates around the topic. The tutorial paper aims to develop your ability to engage with competing historical arguments.

Due one week after discussion in class.

20%

Essay (3000 words)
This should show extensive use of primary sources and should not be on a topic related to your tutorial paper. You are encouraged to design your own question. Start by thinking about what interests you as soon as possible, and work from there. You must arrange a meeting with a member of staff to discuss the essay by Week 5. In week 6 you should give your tutor a final title and be prepared to discuss your proposal in the tutorial. See the Assessment page for a detailed essay guide.

Due May 6

35%

Tutorial participation
Satisfactory tutorial attendance is assumed (the Department requires that you attend 80% of tutorials). Participation reflects the effort you put in. You are expected to read the two essential readings and an additional reading allocated by your tutor each week. Your tutorial mark will reflect your tutor's weekly assessment of your use of that reading in discussion. This means participation will be marked for quality rather than quantity - i.e. intelligent contributions rather than idle chatter.

 

 

10%

Examination (formal or take-home)
Designed to test your grasp of the course as a whole.

 

30%

 

Important Information and Reminders

Prerequisites:

The formal pre-requisite for this course is completion of 12 credit points of Junior History or equivalent. In special cases, with the approval of the course co-ordinators, this requirement may be waived. No prior knowledge of Australian history is assumed in this course.

Penalties for late work:

Assignments late without extension will be penalised at the rate of 1% per day for the first week (not counting weekends) and 2 % per week thereafter. Extensions must be sought before the due date.

Appeals:

If you are unhappy with a grade, you should first speak to the person who marked your work. Appeals against academic judgements or grading decisions can be made either to the unit of study co-ordinator, or to the Chair of Department. Appeals may be made informally or in writing. An appeal against a grading decision or a request that work be remarked must be made within six months of the release of results for the unit of study, except in exceptional circumstances.

Attendance:

The Department of History requires satisfactory class attendance as part of participation in a unit of study. Attendance below 80% of the tutorials without written evidence of illness or misadventure will be penalized with loss of marks; attendance at less than 50% of the tutorials, regardless of the reasons for the absences, will result in the student being deemed not to have participated in the unit of study.

Plagiarism:

Plagiarism is the theft of intellectual property.

The Academic Board of the University of Sydney has defined plagiarism as ‘presenting another person's ideas, findings or work as one's own by copying or reproducing the work without due acknowledgment of the source’. The most common form of plagiarism is presenting written work that contains sentences, paragraphs or longer sections from published work without acknowledgement. (Use footnotes when referring to little known facts or other people’s ideas; use footnotes and inverted commas to acknowledge the use of someone else’s actual words.) In other cases, students (dishonestly) reproduce portions of the work of another student and present it as their own. Using the structure of another’s argument is a form of plagiarism, even if the wording is changed.

The History Department encourages students to think for themselves. In assessing your work we look for evidence of your understanding and capacity for independent thought, so we are always disappointed to discover plagiarism. Our disappointment is only mitigated by the delight of successful detection: academics have very sensitive antennae and derivative phrasing will swiftly alert our suspicions. Plagiarism from the internet, in particular, is absurdly easy to detect.

The Department’s first responsibility is educative, and where plagiarism seems to arise from poor referencing practices or lack of confidence, we will alert you to the problem and suggest strategies for improvement. Regardless of the reasons for it, plagiarised work is never acceptable, and may fail because it does not meet the requirements of academic merit.

Where dishonest intent is apparent, the Department may proceed to disciplinary measures. In the most serious cases, university procedures relating to student misconduct may be invoked and can lead to expulsion.

The Department’s Statement on Plagiarism can be found at : http://policy.rms.usyd.edu.au/000003f.pdf

Referencing:

All written work must include appropriate footnotes and bibliography. In-text (Harvard) style is not acceptable. Before handing work in, read the History Department's Short Guide to the Writing and Presentation of Papers and Essays to ensure that your work conforms to the Department's requirements.

The short guide may be accessed on the web: http://www.arts.usyd.edu.au/departs/history/ugresources.html (see "History Style Guide – PDF" at the top of the page. Acrobat Reader is required to access it.)

 

Guide to the Interpretation of Grades

The Department follows Academic Board and Faculty of Arts guidelines in awarding grades, and may scale marks in order to ensure parity of marking standards.

Below 50%

Fail

Work not of acceptable standard.
Work may fail for any or all of the following reasons: unacceptable levels of paraphrasing; irrelevance of content; presentation, grammar or structure so sloppy it cannot be understood; submitted very late without extension. Failed work is always second marked.

50-54%

Low Pass

Work of an acceptable standard.
Written work contains evidence of minimal reading and some understanding of subject matter, offers descriptive summary of material relevant to the question, but may have a tendency to paraphrase; makes a reasonable attempt to organise material logically and comprehensibly and to provide scholarly documentation. There may be gaps in any or all of these areas.

55-59%

Medium Pass

Work of a satisfactory standard.
Written work meets basic requirements in terms of reading and research, and demonstrates a reasonable understanding of subject matter. Offers a synthesis of relevant material and shows a genuine effort to avoid paraphrasing, has a logical and comprehensible structure and acceptable documentation, and attempts to mount an argument, though there may be weaknesses in particular areas.

60-64%

High Pass

Work has considerable merit, though honours is not recommended.
Written work contains evidence of a broad and reasonably accurate command of the subject matter and some sense of its broader significance, offers synthesis and some evaluation of material, demonstrates an effort to go beyond the essential reading, contains clear focus on the principal issues, understanding of relevant arguments and diverse interpretations, and a coherent argument grounded in relevant evidence, though there may be some weaknesses of clarity or structure. Articulate, properly documented.

65-69%

Low Credit

Competent work, demonstrating potential to complete honours work, though further development needed to do so successfully.
Written work contains evidence of comprehensive reading, offers synthesis and critical evaluation of material on its own terms, takes a position in relation to various interpretations. In addition, it shows some extra spark of insight or analysis. Demonstrates understanding of broad historical significance, good selection of evidence, coherent and sustainable argument, some evidence of independent thought, grasp of relevant historiography.

70-74%

High Credit

Highly competent work, demonstrating clear capacity to complete honours successfully.
Evidence of extensive reading and initiative in research, sound grasp of subject matter and appreciation of key issues and context. Engages critically and creatively with the question, and attempts an analytical evaluation of material. Makes a good attempt to critique various historical interpretations, and offers a pointed and thoughtful contribution to an existing historical debate. Some evidence of ability to think theoretically as well as empirically, and to conceptualise and problematise issues in historical terms. Well written and documented.

75-84%

Distinction

Work of a superior standard.
Written work demonstrates initiative in research and reading, complex understanding and original analysis of subject matter and its context, both empirical and theoretical; makes good attempt to 'get behind' the evidence and engage with its underlying assumptions, takes a critical, interrogative stance in relation to historical argument and interpretation, shows critical understanding of the principles and values underlying the course. Properly documented; writing characterised by style, clarity, and some creativity.

85%+

High Distinction

Work of exceptional standard.
Written work demonstrates initiative and ingenuity in research and reading, pointed and critical analysis of material, innovative interpretation of evidence, makes an insightful contribution to historical debate, engages with values, assumptions and contested meanings contained within original evidence, develops abstract or theoretical arguments on the strength of detailed historical research and interpretation. Properly documented; writing characterised by creativity, style, and precision. High Distinction work is always second marked.

 

Recommended Texts

The essential readings for each week can be found in the course reader which you should buy from the University Copy Centre.

For many of the articles set for tutorial reading, you should also buy:

  • Richard White and Penny Russell (eds) Memories and Dreams: Reflections on twentieth-century Australia Sydney 1997

For a recent general overview of Australian history, we recommend:

  • Stuart Macintyre A Concise History of Australia CUP, Cambridge 1999

Other books that provide a sense of the broad sweep of Australian history, many of which can be readily bought second-hand, are:

  • Darian-Smith, Kate and Paula Hamilton (eds) Memory and History in Twentieth Century Australia Melbourne 1994 (a valuable collection relating the broad issue of memory and history to a number of relevant topics)
  • Day, David Claiming a Continent Sydney 1996 (a recent short general history)
  • Denoon, D. and P. Mein-Smith with M. Wyndham, A History of Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific (Oxford, 2000) (Australia in a regional context)
  • Connell RW & TH Irving Class Structure in Australian History Longman Cheshire, Melbourne 1980 $27.95. (A classic class analysis of Australian history)
  • Grimshaw, Patricia et al Creating a Nation Ringwood 1994 (a stimulating attempt to rewrite mainstream history as gendered history)
  • Murphy, John and Judith Smart (eds) The Forgotten Fifties: Aspects of Australian Society and Culture in the 1950s Melbourne 1997 (special issue of Australian Historical Studies 28(109) October 1997; contains many of the set articles on the 1950s)
  • Rickard, John Australia: A Cultural History Longman Cheshire, Melbourne 1988 (A good thematic general history with a cultural and 20th century bias)
  • Tsokhas, Kosmas Making a nation state : cultural identity, economic nationalism and sexuality in Australian history Melbourne, 2001
  • Teo, Hsu-Ming and R. White (eds) Cultural History in Australia (Sydney, 2003) (hot off the press collection of the latest in cultural history)
  • Ward Russel A Nation for a Continent: The History of Australia 1901-1975 Heinemann, Melbourne 1977 (A straight political history which at least starts in the twentieth century)
  • Waterhouse, Richard Private pleasures, public leisure : a history of Australian popular culture since 1788 Sydney 1995 (A good survey of popular culture)
  • White Richard Inventing Australia: Images and Identity 1688-1980 Allen & Unwin, Sydney 1981 (A history of the development of Australian national identity)

Keep in mind the relevant volumes of the bicentennial history:

  • Gammage B & P Spearritt Australians 1938 Sydney 1987
  • Curthoys, A., et al., Australians from 1939

The best detailed narrative accounts of Australia’s twentieth century are in the Oxford history:

  • Macintyre S., The Succeeding Age 1901-1942, Melbourne 1986
  • Bolton, G The Middle Way 1942-1988 Melbourne 1990

 

Some Key Dates in Australian Social History, 1919-2004

Year

Significant Events

Federal Government

NSW Government

1901

Commonwealth of Australia (Federation)

 

 

1914-1918

War

1914 – ALP
Fisher/Hughes

1913 – ALP
Holman

1916 – Nationalist
Hughes

 

 

 

1916 – Nationalist
Holman

1919

Influenza pandemic

1920 – ALP
Storey/Dooley

 

1921

Edith Cowan first female member of parliament WA

1922

QANTAS begins air service (Charleville-Cloncurry)

1922 – Nationalist/Country coalition
Fuller

 

1923

Regular radio broadcasting begins
Vegemite and Violet Crumble bars created

1923 – National/Country coalition
Bruce/Page

 

 

 

1924

Compulsory voting introduced
First Brownlow medal (AFL) awarded

1925 – ALP
Lang

1927

Parliament house opened in Canberra

1927 – Coalition
Bavin

 

 

1928

NSW and ACT vote against prohibition
Coniston massacre

1929

Wall Street Crash – Depression ‘begins’

1929 – ALP
Scullin

 

1930

Australia and the UK connected by telephone

1930 – ALP
Lang

 

1931

Sir Isaac Isaacs first Australian born G - G

1932 – UAP
Lyons

 

 

 

 

 

1932

Sydney Harbour Bridge opens

1932 – UAP/Country coalition
Stevens

 

 

 

 

1933

WA votes to secede from Commonwealth
Bodyline cricket series
Australian Women’s Weekly first published

1935

Cane toad introduced in Queensland

1937

Dad and Dave radio serial begins: runs until 1953

1938

Sesquiecentenary celebrated
National Day of Mourning in NSW
Aeroplane Jelly song first used
Albert Namatjira’s first exhibition

1939

Australia joins Britain in declaring war on Germany
Black Friday bushfires in Victoria

Menzies

Mair

1941

1941 First US soldiers arrive in Brisbane

1941 – ALP
Curtin

 

1941 – ALP
McKell

 

 

 

1942

Air raids on Darwin

1945

World War Two ends

Chiefly

 

 

1947

Bank Nationalisation Act

1948

First Holden car built

McGin

 

 

1949

Coal Strike
Snowy Mountains Scheme launched
ASIO established

1949 – Liberal/Country
Menzies

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1950

Korean War

1953

First Redex Reliabity (car) trial

Cahill

 

 

 

 

1954

Queen Elizabeth II visits Australia

1955

Edna Everage makes her first stage appearance
Jedda opens
‘Millionth’ migrant arrives

1956

Nuclear tests held at Maralinga
Olympic Games held in Melbourne
Regular televisions broadcasts begin

1957

They’re a Weird Mob published

1958

2UE produces first ‘Top 40’
Albert Namatjira gaoled

Heffron

 

 

 

1961

1961 Contraceptive pill introduced

1962

Federal voting rights for adult Aboriginal people

1964

The Beatles visit Australia

1965

Australia sends troops to Vietnam
Lady Chatterly’s Lover published: defies censorship

Holt

 

Renshaw

1965 – Liberal/Country
Askin

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1966

Decimal currency introduced

1967

Aboriginal referendum passed

Gorton

1969

Equal pay for women

McMahon

 

 

1970

Vietnam Moratorium March

1971

Senator Neville Bonner first Aboriginal in parliament
First one day cricket match played
Green Bans in The Rocks

1972

Adventures of Barry McKenzie filmed
Troops withdrawn from Vietnam
Whitlam elected

1972 – ALP
Whitlam

 

 

1973

Sydney Opera House opens

1974

Cyclone Tracy hits Darwin

1975

Medicare introduced
Kerr dismisses Whitlam
Nude bathing allowed

1975 – Country/Liberal
Fraser

 

 

 

 

Lewis
Willis

1976

Don’s Party filmed

1976 – ALP
Wran

 

 

 

 

 

 

1979

Mad Max filmed

1980

Azaria Chamberlain goes missing at Uluru

1981

Australian Institute of Sport opens in Canberra

1983

Franklin River Dam case upheld

1983 – ALP
Hawke

 

 

 

 

 

1984

Advance Australia Fair becomes national anthem

1985

Prince Charles and Princess Diana visit Australia

1986

Crocodile Dundee

Unsworth

1988

Bicentenary year

1988 – Liberal/National
Greiner

 

1991

Yothu Yindi "Treaty"

1993

Native Title Act passed
Plastic $10 note comes into use
Unknown WW1 soldier entombed Australian War Memorial

Keating

Fahey

1994

Priscilla Queen of the Desert

1995 – ALP
Carr

 

 

 

 

 

1996

Port Arthur massacre

1996 – Liberal/National
Howard

 

 

 

 

1999

"No" vote for Republic

2000

Sydney hosts the Olympics
GST introduced

2001

"Tampa" crisis

2003

Second Iraq war

 

 

 

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