Negotiations between France and Spain leading up to the Treaty of San Ildefonso were largely more forceful on the French side. Napoleon put a great deal of pressure on Carlos IV to surrender both Louisiana and the Floridas in return for a throne in central Italy. For France, 'The great river valley was to fill a twofold purpose. It was valuable as a barrier of unlimited possibility against the American, and for its proximity to the French West Indies.' 1 Although France missed out on acquiring the Floridas from Spain, the transaction was completed with France's aquisition of Tuscany from Austria (in Article 5 of the Treaty of Luneville, February 10, 1801) and 'By the Convention of Aranjuez, signed March 21, 1801, France received Louisiana and Elbe in return for the seating of Prince Louis on the throne of the newly created kingdon of Etruria, which included Tuscany and Piombino.' 2
  1. Elijah Wilson Lyon, Louisiana in French Diplomacy, 1759-1804, University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, USA, 1974, 112.
  2. Ibid, 110.