Staff

Assoc. Professor John Kilcullen (Co-ordinator), john.kilcullen@mq.edu.au, 9144 2322
John Scott, joscott@laurel.ocs.mq.edu.au
Dr John Ward, John.Ward@history.usyd.edu.au, 9351 4003
Professor Paul Crittenden, Paul.Crittenden@philosophy.usyd.edu.au, 9351 5866

 

Calendar Description

 

Set Books

(1) Boethius, The Consolation of Philosophy, tr. V.E. Watts (Penguin Classics), ISBN 0140442081 (Private copy in Fisher Special Reserve. Available in electronic form here and here. See also below, On Fate.)

(2) V.J. Bourke (ed.), The Essential Augustine (Hackett Publishing Co. Paper: 0-915144-07-7. US$8.95, plus shipping cost $3.00 on the first copy and $.50 per additional copy; order direct.) Private copy in Fisher Special Reserve.

(3) Medieval Studies 2005 Resource Book, The Medieval Intellectual Tradition

 

Assessment

(1) 4000 words in the form of essays or tutorial papers, to include at least one essay of at least 2000 words (preferably 2 X 1000 word tutorial papers and one 2000 word essay), the major essay due at the lecture on October 31, the smaller pieces within a week of the tutorial at which the related material is discussed. Topics to be from the lists provided by lecturers, or to be approved beforehand by a lecturer. Worth 70%

(2) One two hour examination. Worth 30%

Note: In the final exam you should avoid questions that overlap with your essay and tutorial paper topics.

(The above replaces other statements of assessment requirements.)

 

Schedule of work:

Week 1 (July 10)

Tuesday 12: Introduction (Kilcullen)

Thursday 12: Boethius, Consolation (Kilcullen)

Tutorial Thurs 1: Tutorials start in week 2

 

Week 2 (July 17)

Tuesday 12: Boethius’ other writings (Kilcullen)

Thursday 12: Early medieval logic (predicables, predicaments, syllogisms) (Kilcullen)

Tutorial Thurs 1: Was Boethius right to be satisfied with the consolation Philosophy offered? (Kilcullen)

 

Week 3 (July 24)

Tuesday 12: Bede and other historians (Scott)

Thursday 12: Augustine City of God (Kilcullen)

Tutorial Thurs 1: Further discussion of early medieval logic. (Kilcullen)

 

Week 4 (July 31)

Tuesday 12: Gregory the Great (Scott)

Thursday 12: Augustine on free will and grace (Kilcullen)

Tutorial Thurs 1: What in Augustine’s view is the relationship between religion and politics? (Kilcullen)

 

Week 5 (August 7)

Tuesday 12 and Thursday 12: Anselm (Kilcullen)

Tutorial Thurs 1: Is the doctrine of grace consistent with the doctrine that God is just? (Kilcullen)

 

Week 6 (August 14)

Tuesday 12: Monastic intellectual culture in the west (Scott)

Thursday 12: Medieval science (Kilcullen)

Tutorial Thurs 1: What is the relation between reason and faith, according to Augustine and Anselm (and any others you know of)? (Kilcullen)

 

Week 7 (August 21)

Tuesday 12 and Thursday 12: Urban schools and universities (Ward)

Tutorial Thurs 1: Is Anselm’s argument for God’s existence sound? (Kilcullen)

 

Week 8 (August 28)

Tuesday 12 and Thursday 12: Grammar, rhetoric, the trivium (Ward)

Tutorial Thurs 1 (Ward):

The rise of the universities: Paris and Oxford, theology / dialectic, and law; the universities and freedom of thought.

- to what factors does the university  owe its origin?  Why in the fields of theology/dialectic and law, and why in Bologna, Oxford and Paris?

- was the medieval university an institution designed to promote and explore in an unfettered manner the implications of higher learning, or a machine to control it within strict limits?  Why?

 

Week 9 (September 4)

Tuesday 12 and Thursday 12: Medieval Law (Kilcullen)

Tutorial Thurs 1 (Ward):

Rhetoric in ‘decline’.

Why is the career and writing of Alan of Lille a problem?  Did he write a commentary on the pseudo-Ciceronian Rhetorica ad Herennium? Does it matter?  How?  Why did he write the Anticlaudianus?

 

 

Midterm break

 

Week 10 (October 9)

Tuesday 12 and Thursday 12: Medieval philosophy 11^th and 12^th centuries (Crittenden)

Tutorial Thurs 1: What are the most valuable contributions of medieval legal thought to modern society? (Kilcullen)

 

Week 11 (October 16)

Tuesday 12 and Thursday 12: Medieval philosophy 13^th and 14^th centuries (Crittenden)

Tutorial Thurs 1: On early medieval philosophy (Crittenden)

 

Week 12 (October 23)

Tuesday 12: 14^th century Political Thought (Scott)
Thursday 12: Free Will and Grace in 14^th century writers (Kilcullen)

Tutorial Thurs 1: On later medieval philosophy (Crittenden)

Major essay due at Tuesday lecture in Week 13

 

Week 13 (October 30)

Tuesday 12: Medieval theories of morality (Kilcullen)

Thursday 12: Connections between medieval and modern thought (Kilcullen)

Tutorial Thurs 1: What is Ockham’s account of natural law? (Kilcullen)

 

Study Vacation (November 6)

 

Two hour exam

 

The book is in Fisher undergraduate section unless otherwise noted; if the undergraduate copy is out, consult the catalog to see whether there are other copies. If no call number is given the book is probably not in Fisher.

 

The theological tractates; The consolation of philosophy, Boethius. Fisher Research 879.8 B673 F 3

Five Texts on the Medieval Problem of Universals: Porphyry, Boethius, Abelard, Duns Scotus, Ockham, tr. P.V. Spade (Indianapolis: Hackett, 1994).  OR: R. McKeon, Selections from Medieval Philosophers, vol. 1. 189.08 1.

See below, Ammonius and Boethius, essay topic 8.

Boethius and the liberal arts, edited by Michael Masi. Fisher research 001.30902 1

Boethius, his life, thought, and influence, edited by Margaret Gibson. 189 B673 1

Boethius, the consolations of music, logic, theology, and philosophy, Henry Chadwick. Fisher research 189.4 B673 X 3

Web pages: Boethius on Porphyry; Boethius on music; P.V. Spade Boethius against Universals and other relevant material (some of it also found here); more on universals;

 

V.J. Bourke (ed.), The Essential Augustine

Augustine, The city of God against the pagans, edited and translated by R.W. Dyson. book xix. Fisher Research 239.3 14

Augustine, On Rebuke and Grace, in A Select Library of the Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, ed. P. Schaff, vol. 5, p. 468ff (photocopy in Fisher Special Reserve; electronic text available here). and/or On Grace and Free Will in Augustine, Basic Writings, vol. 1. 189.2 A 1 7, 180.2 A1 12 (electronic text available here).

Augustine of Hippo: a biography, by Peter Brown. 189.2 A923 Y 2

Augustine’s City of God: a reader’s guide, Gerard O’Daly. Fisher Special Reserve 239.3 15

 

Gregory the Great, Pastoral care. Fisher SR Storage, Private Copy - Gregory (electronic text available here).

Gregory I, Pope, Regula pastoralis. English & Anglo-Saxon. Fisher Research 253 23

Gregory the Great and his world, R.A. Markus. Fisher Research 270.2092 31

 

Anselm of Canterbury, The major works, edited with an introduction by Brian Davies and G.R. Evans. Fisher Special Reserve 189.4 A618 2

Saint Anselm: a portrait in a landscape, R.W. Southern. Fisher Research 282.092 9

Saint Anselm and his biographer: a study of monastic life and thought, 1059-c.1130, R.W. Southern. Fisher Research 189.4 ANS

The many-faced argument; recent studies on the ontological argument for the existence of God, edited by John Hick and Arthur C. McGill. Fisher Special Reserve 211 3

Web sites: electronic text of Why God Man?; links to Anselm pages;  

Medieval canon law, James A. Brundage. Law Research 262.9 34

Law and revolution: the formation of the Western legal tradition, Harold J. Berman. 340.09 7

The Renaissance of the twelfth century, chapter 7, by Charles Homer Haskins. 914.01 12

Brian Tierney, Foundations of the conciliar theory; the contribution of the medieval canonists from Gratian to the Great Schism. 262.5 6

Reading suggestions will be made by Paul Crittenden

Gilson, E., History of Christian philosophy in the Middle Ages. Fisher Research 189 87

Gilson, E., The spirit of mediaeval philosophy. Fisher Special Reserve 189 85

Medieval thought, David Luscombe. Fisher Special Reserve 189 90

Routledge history of philosophy. Vol. 3, Medieval philosophy, edited by John Marenbon. Fisher Special Reserve 189 94

Week 11 (October 16)   -  Tutorial Thurs 19 Oct. 1.00pm:

Power and goodness, necessity and possibility in God.

From the idea that God does only what is good, Abelard concludes that God can only do what he does do. How does he arrive at this conclusion?

Alternative. Some medieval thinkers in both Islam and Christianity were inclined to hold that God’s power is not limited by logical considerations . How would Peter Abelard or Averroes (Ibn Rushd) respond to a claim of this kind?

 

Week 12 (October 23)  -   Tutorial Thurs 26 Oct. 1.00pm:

Possibility and necessity.

What does Thomas Aquinas mean by possibility and necessity in his ‘Third Way’? What are the terms in which he objects to an infinite causal regress in necessary things?

 

Medieval Philosophy: some references (note sections on Peter Abelard, Averroes & Thomas Aquinas in connection with lectures; other references are mainly for background information)

(a) Collections of Primary Sources

Bosley, N. & Tweedale,M. (eds.), 1997, Basic Issues in Medieval Philosophy, Broadview Press

Hyman, A. & Walsh, J. (eds.), 1973, Philosophy in the Middle Ages, Hackett Press

Kretzmann,N. & Stump, E., 1988-, The Cambridge Translations of Medieval Philosophical            Texts, Cambridge U.P.

Lerner,R. & Mahdie, M. (eds.), 1963, Medieval Political Philosophy: A Sourcebook, Cornell         

McKeon (ed.), 1929-30, Selections from Medieval Philosophers,  2 vols., New York

Shapiro, H. (ed.), 1964, Medieval Philosophy: Selected Readings from Augustine to Buridan,          New York

Wippel, J. & Wolter, A. (eds.), Medieval Philosophy: from St. Augustine to Nicholas of Cusa,

                The Free Press, New York

(b) Histories of Philosophy

Armstrong, A.H. (ed.), 1967, The Cambridge History of Later Greek and Early Medieval Philosophy, Cambridge U.P.

Kretzmann, N., Kenny, A., Pinborg, J (eds.), 1982, The Cambridge History of Later Medieval       Philosophy, Cambridge U.P.

Bréhier, E., 1965, The History of Philosophy: the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, trans.                W.Baskin, Chicago

Copleston, F., 1950, A History of Philosophy, vol 2, London

*Dronke, P. (ed.), 1988, A History of Twelfth Century Western Philosophy,  Cambridge U.P.

Gilson, E., 1955, The History of Christian Philosophy in the Middle Ages,  New York

Haren, M., 1992, Medieval Thought: the western intellectual tradition from antiquity to the              thirteenth century, 2nd. ed. Toronto U.P.

Husik, I., 1958, A History of Medieval Jewish Philosophy, New York, Meridian Books

Kneale, W. & M., 1962, The Development of Logic, Oxford U.P.

Marenbon, J. (ed.), 1998, Medieval Philosophy, Routledge Hist. of Philosophy  vol.3, London

Popkin, R.H., (ed.) 1999, The Columbia History of Western Philosophy, §2: ‘Medieval and           Islamic Philosophy’; §3: ‘Medieval Christian Philosophy’, Columbia U.P.: New York

(c) Peter Abelard

Petri Abaelardi Opera theologica, i-iii, ed E.Buytaert & C.Mews,Corpus Christianorum, Continuatio mediaevalis,  11-13, Turnhout, 1969, 1987

Peter Abelard, A Dialogue of a Philosopher with a Jew and a Christian, trans. P.J.Payer, Toronto, 1979

The Story of Abelard’s Adversities, trans. J.Muckle, Toronto, 1954

Peter Abailard: Sic et Non, ed. B.Boyer & R.McKeon, Chicago, 1976-7

The Letters of Abelard and Heloise, trans. B.Radice, Penguin Classics

Clanchy, M.T., 1997, Abelard: A Medieval Life, Oxford: Blackwell

Luscombe, D.E., 1969, The School of Peter Abelard, Cambridge U.P.

*Marenbon, J., 1997, The Philosophy of Peter Abelard, Cambridge U.P.

McCallum, J. (ed.), 1935, Abailard’s Ethics, Oxford

Mews, C. J., (1995), Peter Abelard, Aldershot

Sikes, J.G., 1932, Peter Abelard, Cambridge U.P.

Tweedale, M., 1976, Abailard on Universals, North Holland

(d) Averroes (Ibn Rushd)

Leaman, O. (1988), Averroes and his Philosophy,  Oxford

 (e) Thomas Aquinas

There are various editions of Thomas Aquinas’ extensive writings, eg., the Parma edition, 25 vols. 1852-73; Paris edition, 34 vols, 1871-80, Leonine edition, Vatican City, 1882-;

Summa Theologica, English translation with Latin text, T.Gilby (gen.ed.), Blackfriars edition,                 60 vols., London: Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1963-75

Aertsen, J.A., 1998, Nature and Creature: Thomas Aquinas’ Way of Thought, Leiden: E.J.Brill

Baumgarth, W. & Regan, R.J. (eds.), 1988, St Thomas Aquinas on Law, Morality and Politics,       Indianapolis: Hackett

Copleston F., 1955, Aquinas, Penguin

Dales, R., 1990, Medieval Discussions of the Eternity of the World, Leiden: E.J.Brill

Finnis, J., 1998, Aquinas: Moral, Political and Legal Theory, O.U.P.: Oxford

Geach, P.T. 1961 ‘Aquinas’ in P.T. Geach & G.E.M. Anscombe, Three Philosophers, Oxford

Gilson, E., 1956, The Christian Philosophy of St Thomas Aquinas, New York: Random House

Henle, R.J., 1956, St Thomas and Platonism, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff

Jaffa, H.V., 1952, Thomism and Aristotelianism, Chicago U.P.

Kempshall, M.S., 1999,The Common Good in Late Medieval Political Thought, Oxford

Kenny, A.,  1980, Aquinas, Oxford;

*Kenny, A., 1969, The Five Ways, London

Kenny, A. (ed.), 1969, Aquinas : A Collection of Critical Essays, London: MacMillan

Kenny, A, (1979), The God of the Philosophers,  Oxford

Kretzman, N., 1997, The Metaphysics of Theism: Aquinas’ Natural Theology in Summa Contra      Gentiles I, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Kretzmann & Stump, E., 1993, The Cambridge Companion to Aquinas, Cambridge U.P.

MacDonald, S. & Stump, E. (1999), Aquinas’ Moral Theory, Cornell U.P.: Ithica & London

Weisheipl, J. 1974, Friar Thomas d’Aquino, Oxford: Blackwell

Wippel, J., 1984, Metaphysical Themes in Thomas Aquinas, C.U.A.Press: Washington

(f) Various philosophical and other studies

Burch, G., 1951, Early Medieval Philosophy, New York

Colish, M., (1997), Medieval Foundations of the Western Intellectual Tradition,

Evans, G.R., 1993, Philosophy and Theology in the Middle Ages, London: Routledge

Gilson, E., 1963, Elements of Christian Philosophy, New York

Knowles, D., 1962, The Evolution of Medieval Thought, London: Longman

Leaman, O., 1990, Moses Maimonides, London: Routledge

Leff, G., 1958, Medieval Thought: St Augustine to Ockham, London

Luscombe, D., 1997, Medieval Thought, Oxford: OUP

Marenbon, J., 1983, Early Medieval Philosophy (480-1150), London Routledge

Marenbon, J., 1987, Later Medieval Philosophy (1150-1350), London: Routledge

Price, B., 1992, Medieval thought: an introduction, Oxford: Blackwell

Southern, R.W., 1979, Platonism, Scholastic Method and the School of Chartres, Reading U.P.

Stern, S.M., 1983, Medieval Arabic and Hebrew Thought, ed. F.Zimmerman, London

Wippel, J.F., 1987, Studies in Medieval Philosophy,  C.U.A.Press: Washington

Wippel, J.F., 1995, Medieval Reactions to the Encounter between Faith and Reason, Marquette       

McIlwain, Charles Howard, The growth of political thought in the West: from the Greeks to the end of the Middle Ages. New York: Cooper Square Publishers, 1968 [c1932]

A history of political theory, George H. Sabine. 320.9 19

The Cambridge history of medieval political thought c. 350-c. 1450, edited by J.H. Burns. Fisher Special Reserve 320.01 133

Brian Tierney, Foundations of the conciliar theory; the contribution of the medieval canonists from Gratian to the Great Schism. 262.5 6

Kilcullen, “Ockham’s Political Writings”, in P.V. Spade (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Ockham, pp. 302-325. Fisher Special Reserve 189.4 W716 X 7; also on web, http://britac.ac.uk/pubs/dialogus/polth.html

 

Frank James, Peter Martyr Vemigli and Predestination, chapters 5 and 6. Fisher Special Reserve 230.4 8. (A useful summary of medieval views. Possible starting point.)

Thomas Aquinas, Summa theologiae, 1, q. 23 (i.e. Part 1, question 23), 1-2 [i.e. first part of Part 2] qq. [i.e. questions] 109, 114. Fisher Research 230.2 156, 189.4 168 (Electronic text.)

R. Garrigou-Lagrange, Reality: A Synthesis of Thomistic Thought, chapters XLIX, LIX (electronic text available here).

William Ockham, M.M. Adams, vol. 2, chapters 27, pp. 1186-1207, chapters 30, 31. Fisher Research 189.4 W716 X 3.

The harvest of medieval theology: Gabriel Biel and late medieval nominalism, H. Oberman, chapters 5, 6, 7. 149.1 1 (Possible starting point.)

Archbishop Thomas Bradwardine, H. Oberman

Bradwardine and the Pelagians, G. Leff, chapters 2, 3, 4, 6, 10. Fisher Research 274.203 12

Gregory of Rimini, G. Leff, chapter 5. Fisher Research 189.4 111. (See review by Oberman in Speculum 37 (1962), p. 456 ff.)

R. Wood, “Ockham’s repudiation of Pelagianism”, P.V. Spade (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Ockham,  pp. 350-373. Fisher Special Reserve 189.4 W716 X 7

 

Abelard’s Ethical writings: his Ethics or “Know yourself” and his Dialogue between a philosopher, a Jew, and a Christian, Peter Abelard; translated by Paul Vincent Spade. Fisher Research 241 74

Thomas Aquinas, Summa theologiae, 1-2, [i.e first part of Part 2] qq. [i.e. questions] 1, 6, 18, 19, 20, 55, 94; 2-2 [i.e. second part of Part 2], qq. 27, 33, 35, 42, 180, 184. Fisher Research 230.2 156, 189.4 168

Gilson, E., The Christian Philosophy of St Thomas Aquinas, part 3.

R. Garrigou-Lagrange, Reality: A Synthesis of Thomistic Thought, chapters XLV, XLVI, XLVII (electronic text available here).

P. King, “Ockham’s Ethical Theory”, in P.V. Spade (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Ockham, pp. 302-325. 189.4 W716 X 7

 

Outline the views of one or more medieval thinkers and evaluate their arguments—within the time and space available to you.

1. Why does God allow evils?

2. What is the proper relationship between religion and politics?

3. What is the proper relationship between faith and reason?

4. Is the doctrine of grace consistent with the doctrine that God is just?

5. Is Anselm’s argument for God's existence successful?

6. Why (in Christian belief) did God become man?

7. Does Christianity allow room for rights to freedom of thought and speech?

8. How could God know for certain our future free choices?

 

Reading for Essay Topics

(See Boethius, Augustine above)

Boethius, Consolation

Augustine City of God, I.8-10; Augustine on evil (see Bourke, Przywara; Augustine against the Manichees).

Historical and critical dictionary: selections, Pierre Bayle; translated, with an introduction and notes, by Richard H. Popkin, ‘Manicheans’, ‘Paulicians’, ‘Second clarification’, pages 144ff, 166ff, 409ff. Fisher Special Reserve 190 141

A.O. Lovejoy, The Great Chain of Being, chapter 2, 3, 7. 113 16

 

The city of God against the pagans, Augustine; edited and translated by R.W. Dyson. book xix. Fisher Research 239.3 14

Saeculum: history and society in the theology of St. Augustine, R. A. Markus. Fisher Special Reserve 189.2 A923 8

Thomas Aquinas, On kingship to the king of Cyprus,  Fisher Research 320 85

Giles of Rome on ecclesiastical power: the De ecclesiastica potestate of Aegidius Romanus, translated with introduction and notes by R.W. Dyson. 262.132 8

On royal and papal power, John of Paris. Translated with an introduction by J. A. Watt. 262.132 3

William of Ockham, Short Discourse [Breviloquium], Fisher Special Reserve 320.01 185

 

Reason and revelation in the middle ages, by Etienne Gilson. Fisher Special Reserve 189 61

V.J. Bourke (ed.), The Essential Augustine

An Augustine synthesis, arranged Erich Przywara. Fisher Research 230.14 2

See extracts from K. Barth in The many-faced argument; recent studies on the ontological argument for the existence of God, edited by John Hick and Arthur C. McGill. Fisher Special Reserve 211 3

A.J. Freddoso, “Ockham on Faith and Reason”, in Spade (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Ockham, pp. 302-325. 189.4 W716 X 7

 

See above, Augustine, and Freewill, Grace, Predestination in the later middle ages.

 

The many-faced argument: recent studies on the ontological argument for the existence of God, edited by John Hick and Arthur C. McGill.

 

St. Anselm and his critics: a re-interpretation of the Cur Deus homo. J. McIntyre. Fisher Research 189.4 36

Anselm and Luther on the atonement: was it “necessary”?, Burnell F. Eckardt. Fisher Research 234.5 4

The logic of divine love: a critical analysis of the soteriology of Peter Abailard, Richard E. Weingart. Fisher Research 189.4 A141 X 2

 

Augustine, ‘To Vincentius’, letter 93, in P. Schaff (ed.) A Select Library of the Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, vol. 1, p. 382ff; and/or ‘To Boniface’, letter 185, in The Fathers of the Church, vol. 30, p. 141. (Electronic text of letters is availble here.)

(For criticism of Augustine’s views see Pierre Bayle, Philosophical Commentary, part 3 – also on the web, http://www.humanities.mq.edu.au/Ockham/bayle.html; and/or “Bayle on the Rights of Conscience”, in Kilcullen, Sincerity and Truth: Essays on Arnauld, Bayle and Toleration. Fisher Research 179.9 27. Web: http://www.humanities.mq.edu.au/Ockham/wbayle.html)

Thomas Aquinas, Summa theologiae, 2-2, q.10, a. 8, 12 (i.e. second part of Part 2, question 10, articles 8 and 12). Fisher Research 230.2 156, 189.4 168

See in J. Ward’s bibliography, “Secondary reading on the universities and 'freedom of thought'”

Origins of papal infallibility, 1150-1350: a study on the concepts of infallibility, sovereignty and tradition in the Middle Ages, by Brian Tierney. Fisher Research 262.131 2

A.S. McGrade, The Political Thought of William of Ockham, pp. 48-74. Fisher Special Reserve 320.50924 7.

Kilcullen, “Ockham and Infallibility”, The Journal of Religious History, 16 (1991), pp. 387-409; also at http://britac.ac.uk/pubs/dialogus/winfal.html

 

C. Normore, “Future Contingents”, in N. Kretzmann et al. (eds.), The Cambridge History of Later Medieval Philosophy. Fisher Special Reserve 189 28

Richard Gasking, “Peter of Ailly and other fourteenth-century thinkers on divine power and the necessity of the past”, in Archiv fur Geschichte der Philosophie (79, 1997), pp. 273-291. Fisher Research 105 55

See also above, freewill and predestination, Adams, Obermann.

Ammonius on Aristotle on interpretation 9, translated by David Blank. With Boethius on Aristotle on interpretation 9, translated by Norman Kretzmann. With essays by Richard Sorabji, Nornan Kretzmann & Mario Mignucci. Fisher Research 123 73

On fate (De fato), Cicero. & The consolation of philosophy (Philosophiae consolationis) IV.5-7, V; Boethius; edited with an introduction, translations and commentaries by R.W. Sharples. Fisher Special Reserve 875.4 J13 P 1

 

Ecclesiastical history of the English people, ed. by Bertram Colgrave and R.A.B. Mynors. 274.201 1 B

 

Assess Bede's Ecclesiastical History? Why is it so highly regarded? Why did  so many monks write history? What are the characteristics of monastic history?

 

On Bede: Start with the following collection of essay; others can be found  in the catalogue.

Houwen, L.A.J.R. & MacDonald, A.A., Beda Venerabilis: historian, monk & Northumbrian. Fisher Research 270.2092 33

 

On monks and history:

On monastic learning generally read Leclercq, J., The Love of Learning and the Desire for God. Fisher Research 271 64

See also: Gransden, A., Historical Writing in England c.550 - c.1307. 942.0072 5 A

Southern, R.W., 'Aspects of the European Tradition of Historical Writing: 4. The Sense of the Past', in Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 5th Series, 23 (1973), 243-63.

Thomson, Rodney M., William of Malmesbury. 942.010924 1

 

(i) What was the attitude of  monks to the pagan writers of antiquity?

(ii) How did monks respond to the beginnings of 'scholastic' learning?

 

Reading:

General: Leclercq, J, The Love of Learning and the Desire for God: a study of medieval culture. Fisher Research 271 64

 

(i) Bolgar, R.R., The Classical Heritage and its Beneficiaries. 880.7 2

Reynolds, L.D. & Wilson, N.G., Scribes and Scholars: A Guide to the Transmission of Greek and Latin Literature. 889 2

In addition to these standard works see the bibliography in Boyle, Leonard E., Medieval Latin Palaeography. Fisher Special Reserve 471 6

 

(ii) Van Engen, J., Rupert of Deutz.

Van Engen, J., 'The "crisis of cenobitism" reconsidered: Benedictine Monasticism in the years 1050-1150', Speculum 61 (1986) 269-304.

Thomson, Rodney M., 'England and the Twelfth-Century Renaisance', Past and Present 101 (1983), 3-21.

Gibson, Margaret, Lanfranc of Bec, Oxford 1978, 31-97. Fisher Research 271.1024 3

Chatillon, Jean, 'William of Saint Thierry, Monasticism and the Schools: Rupert of Deutz, Abelard and William of Conches', in William, Abbot of St. Thierry, Cistercian Studies Series: Number Ninety-Four, 153-180. Fisher Research 271.1024 9

 

See next page.

 

To be supplied later.

MEDIEVAL STUDIES 2000.2 The Intellectual Tradition. 

J.O.Ward segment: weeks 7-8.

 

LECTURES

Week 7

The rise of the universities: Paris and Oxford, theology / dialectic, and law; the universities and freedom of thought.

The lectures will deal with the significance of the rise of universities in the context of the revival of learning in the Europe and the transition from monastic and cathedral schools to new institutions designed more explicitly for the literate and bureaucratic age that came into being during the twelfth century.  They will also deal with the issue of the universities and 'freedom of thought'. What general developments demanded institutional change at the educational level during this period and how well did the new institutions cater to new needs?  was the medieval university an institution designed to promote and explore in an unfettered manner the implications of higher learning, or a machine to control, it within strict limits?  Why?

 

LECTURES

Week 8

 

Grammar, rhetoric and the trivium in the twelfth century: language and knowledge.  The 'problem' of Alan of Lille.

These lectures will deal with the rise (and fall) of the arts of the trivium, principally grammar and rhetoric, as key language disciplines of their day.  The lectures will concentrate on the content of the arts, not so much on format of the manuscripts containing them (for which see Written Record 2000.1).

 

 

TUTORIAL (1)

Week 8

The rise of the universities: Paris and Oxford, theology / dialectic, and law; the universities and freedom of thought.

- to what factors does the university  owe its origin?  Why in the fields of theology/dialectic and law, and why in Bologna, Oxford and Paris?

- was the medieval university an institution designed to promote and explore in an unfettered manner the implications of higher learning, or a machine to control, it within strict limits?  Why?

 

Reading, primary on Universities generally: as distributed (Reader pp.236-75), and /or:

Abelard Historia calamitatum trans. Muckle(1954) pp.11-24, 37-46 (also available in later editions and in Betty Radice (trans.) The Letters of Abelard and Heloise [Penguin Classics]: read Abelard's account of his studies up to his affair with Heloise, and his account of his Trial at Soissons (March / April 1121 A.D.).

John of Salisbury Metalogikon trans. D.D.McGarry pp.95-107, 187-201.

Pullan, B. Sources for the History of Medieval Europe  pp.104-09

Shapiro (ed.) Medieval Philosophy ch.9

Thorndike, L. (ed.) University Records and Life in the Middle Ages (Columbia / Norton, 1944 /1972) pp.3-30 (and on to p.66 if you have time).

Viking Portable Medieval Reader ed. J.B.Ross and M.M.McLaughlin pp.590-96 (some relevant extracts).

Wieruszowski, H. (ed.) The Medieval University (Anvil, N.Y. 1966) pp.119-145, 163-166 (except pp.126-7,130-32 (to some extent alternative to Thorndike).

 

Reading, primary, on 'the universities and freedom of thought':

Aquinas, St.Thomas  Quodlibetal Questions 1 and 2 trans. Sandra Edwards (1983) pp.29-68 OR

Aquinas, St.Thomas  The Divisions and Methods of the Sciences trans. A.Maurer (Questions V and VI of his Commentary on the 'De Trinitate' of Boethius) (1963) pp.3-18  OR

Boethius of Dacia On the Supreme Good; On the Eternity of the World; On Dreams trans. John F.Wippel (1987).  Boethius of Dacia was a Master in the Arts Faculty at Paris ca.1270 and a leading representative of the movement known as Latin Averroism or Radical Aristotelianism.  Could such a collection of treatises have been written, say, by Peter Abelard?

Grant, Edward (ed.) A Source-book in Medieval Science (1974 F509.4/4) pp.42-52: 'The reaction of the universities and theological authorities to Aristotelian Science and Natural Philosophy'

Lerner, R. and Mahdi, Muhsin Medieval Political Philosophy: a sourcebook (1963) pp.335-54.

Shapiro (ed.) Medieval Philosophy chs 14,15,17 OR McKeon Selections from Medieval Philosophers  II chs 2-3 OR Wippel and Wolter (eds) Medieval Philosophy ch.12, 16-18 OR N.F.Cantor and P.L.Klein (eds) Medieval Thought: Augustine and thomas Aquinas pp.101-170  OR

Thorndike, ed. University Records and Life pp.26-27 (#14), 39-40 (#20), 47-50 (##23-24), 56-64 (#17), 73-74 (#34), 80-81 (#38)  OR

Wieruszowski The Medieval University pp.143-52

Secondary reading on the rise of the universities generally:

Baldwin, J.W. The Scholastic Culture of the Middle Ages: 1000-1300 (1971) ch.3 OR

Piltz, Anders The World of Medieval Learning  pp.65-158

Ferruolo, S The Origins of the University: the schools of Paris and their critics 1100-1215 (1985) ch.4 ('The Satirists'), ch.5 ('The Humanists'), pp.279-318 (institutional origins of the University)

Ferruolo, S. 'The Paris statutes of 1215 reconsidered' in History of Universities 5 (1985) 1-14

Haskins, C.H. The Rise of Universities  (Colver Lectures 1923) OR Renaissance of the Twelfth Century ch.12 OR

Leff, G. Paris and Oxford Universities in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries (1968) pp.1-34

Southern, R.W. Scholastic Humanism and the Unification of Europe (1995) I pp.198-204, 235-318

Southern, R.W. 'From Schools to University" The History of the University of Oxford vol.1 The Early Oxford Schools ed. J.Catto (1984) pp.1-36.  Cf. also M.B.Hacketts's chapter in the same volume (ch. 2 pp.37ff 'The University as a Corporate Body').

Van Deusen, Nancy (ed.) The Intellectual Climate of the Early University: essays in honor of Otto Gründler (Studies in Medieval Culture 39, 1997).

Van Engen, John (ed.) Learning Institutionalized: teaching in the medieval University  (Notre Dame 2000).

 

Secondary reading on the universities and 'freedom of thought':

Courtenay, W.J. 'Inquiry and inquisition: academic freedom in medieval universities' Church History 58 (1989) 168-81.

Gilson History of Christian Philosophy pt.8 ch.3 and pt.9 chs 1 and 2

Grant, Edward 'Issues in natural philosophy at Paris in the late thirteenth century' Medievalia et Humanistica new series 13 (1985) 75-94

Grant, Edward 'The condemnation of 1277, God's absolute power and physical thought in the late middle ages' Viator 10 (1979) 211-44.

Kenny, A. Aquinas (Past Masters, Fontana, 1980)

Leff, G. Paris and Oxford Universities in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries (1968) ch.4 pt.1

Leff, Gordon Medieval Thought chs 6 and 7

McLaughlin, M.M. Intellectual Freedom and its Limitations in the University of Paris in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries (1952, 1955, 1977).

Marenbon Later Medieval Philosophy ch.4

Southern 'Medieval Humanism', in Medieval humanism and other studies ch.4, esp. pp.49-50

Steenberghen, F. Van The Philosophical Movement in the Thirteenth Century (1955)  chs 3-6

Thijssen, J.M.M.H. 'Master Amalric and the Amalricians: inquisitorial procedure and the suppresssion of heresy at the University of Paris' Speculum 71:1 (1996) 43ff.

Wilshire, L.E. 'The condemnations of 1277 and the intellectual climate of the medieval University' pp.151-93 of  Nancy Van Deusen (ed.) The Intellectual Climate of the Early University: essays in honor of Otto Gründler (Studies in Medieval Culture 39, 1997).

Wippel, John F. 'The condemnations of 1270 and 1277 at Paris' Journal of Medieval and Renaissance Studies 7:2 (1977) 169-201

 

[FURTHER BIBLIOGRAPHY AND RESEARCH QUESTIONS:

Some further primary sources:

Adcock, Fleur (trans.) Hugh Primas and the Archpoet (1994): texts from the Carmina Burana and other lyriuc Latin poetry collections of the day

Wetherbee, Winthrop (trans.) Johannes de Hauvilla, Architrenius (1994).  Describes the journey of a young man (the 'Arch-Weeper') on the threshold of maturity, confronting the ills of the church, the court and the schools of late twelfth-century Europe.

General Reading, secondary:

Schools and Universities:

Baldwin J.W. Masters, Princes and Merchants (1970) pt. 2 ch.4